Emperor Jahangir and the Transformation of the Mughal Empire – Part 3
Emperor Jahangir had a strong personality and a deep interest in many fields of knowledge. History describes him as a wise, intelligent and compassionate ruler who took several public welfare measures soon after coming to power.
Emperor Jahangir rewarded those who helped him gain the throne with promotions. He also showed generosity and forgiveness toward those who had opposed him. Unlike his father Akbar the great, he repealed laws that he believed were not beneficial to the people.
He introduced 12 laws known as Dastur-ul-Amal, based on principles of mercy and generosity. Ordinary subjects could seek justice directly from the emperor, including farmers who had complaints against state officials. To allow both rich and poor to appeal directly to him, Jahangir reportedly installed a golden chain with bells between the royal palace and the Yamuna River. The chain had 60 bells, and pulling it would alert the emperor to a petitioner’s request.
When he was outside the capital, special judges were appointed to ensure quick justice. Complaints were heard and efforts were made to protect the rights of petitioners. Despite his compassion and generosity toward his subjects, Emperor Jahangir’s character also showed a strong contrast. Alongside his gentle and forgiving nature, he could be extremely firm in suppressing enemies and punishing those found guilty of crimes.
